Dear Lee,
Thankyou for your reply.
The formula 9.8m/sec/sec X the sine of the angle of the wave face X time neatly expresses the fact that an angle of descent which deviates from the vertical will result in a lower rate of acceleration than that which is experienced in a vertical descent. The formula can thus be used to calculate the rate of acceleration of an object at different angles of descent. Clearly a path which was at ninety degrees to the vertical would result in a zero rate of acceleration, while a vertical path will result in an acceleration of 9.8m/sec/sec. All other paths will result in a rate of acceleration which is greater than zero and less than 9.8m/sec/sec (excluding friction).
You state that a falling object (eg a surfer and surfboard) will slow down as soon as it enters a path which deviates from the vertical. This is not the case. In fact, what will happen when a surfer and board enter a path which deviates from the vertical, is that their rate of acceleration will decrease. Thus, given that a rate of acceleration still exists (which it will, provided that the path is not at 90 degrees to the vertical and excluding friction) then the speed of the surfer will continue to increase, but at a slower rate.
To express the situation using an extreme case, imagine a surfing situation without friction. In such a case, any rate of descent (or glide path angle below the horizontal) will result in a positive rate of acceleration. No matter how small this rate of acceleration is, given sufficient time (and a frictionless path) the speed of light will be approached. This is the case no matter how small the wave, or how slowly it progresses towards the beach , provided that the wave moves toward the beach ( because beachward movement of the wave is needed to replace the gravitational energy lost during descent).
Thus it can be seen that the only impediments to surfing speeds which approach 186,000 miles per second are
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Friction, and
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The length of the wave (which represents time in the formula)
In real surfing situations, for any given wave, the maximum speed will be achieved by the board which has the least friction, and unless the wave is unusually tall and unusually short, that maximum speed will be achieved by angling across the wave face in a path which deviates from the vertical.
Furthermore it has not yet been proven what fin setup (if any), length of board, width of board, weight of board, or shape of board constitute the fastest setup in any given surfing situation, although opinions and personal preferences abound in this respect.
I should also add that the statement that ‘everyone else’ (except for Laird Hamilton) goes 15 to 20mph is not accurate. James Sowell was clocked via gps at 23 mph on one of Dale’s mats
Yours Faithfully, Roy Stewart
PS There are two other means of accelerating the board which can only be used in a path which deviates from the vertical, namely 1) a pumping action from the rider, and 2) lift from offshore air flow.