vac forming fins and ajustable fin boxs for home builders

Hi Guys

Here are the steps on how to make your own super light weight fins and boxs to suit them that you can adjust fore and aft placment ,toe in and cant angle.

This is aimed at the home builder who likes to make every thing him self, for the rest of you there are several well known fin system makers out there who produce quality products.

We will start with the fins they are going to have a single tab 6mm thick about 20mm long to fit into the box

For this you will need to lay up some flat sheet, get some 6mm thick ply with formica or laminex on one side.cut two pieces 100mm x 500mm and two pieces 30mm x 500mm.

Stick the two 30mm wide pieces with a hot glue gun to the outer edge of one of the wide pieces,now run some packing tape along the inside edge to cover up the raw ply edge.

This will be the mould to make your flat sheet, you can use carbon or ordinary glass, unidirectional is best .Simply wet it (USE EPOXY)out and lay it in the mould when its just over the top put the other wide strip on top with a weight over it.

When this is dry crack it out, you now have a sheet of glass or carbon 6mm thick by 40mm wide by 500mm long,cut this in half long ways with a metal blade in your jig saw.You now have enough tab material for ten fins!

Cut these to 100mm lengths with a taper at one end,dont worry this will be make sense in the following photo!

Next step go to your local modeling shop and get a sheet of 5mm thick balsa in NZ this costs about $3 to $4.

Now cut out your plan shape from the balsa and fit the tab spar with 5 min epoxy,the tab spar should protude about 20mm below the fin base

Now sand these flat I use a small ryobi belt and disk sander If you havnt got one I recomend that you get one,they make doing a lot of things to do with board building a lot easier.

Now that every thing is flat we can start shaping the fins,at this stage mark the center fin with a pencil line around its edge so you know where the middle is.

Go to the next post

Ok i find that its better to first define which fin is for the left side and which is for the right, write on the side that will stay flat,if you don’t you will most likley end up with two right or left fins!!

Take a steep angle off first down to the edge then work it into the center,use the end off the belt just like a plane or surform,one whole stroke at a time.

Do the same for the front but be careful dont over do it you dont want it too sharp up there,this is only rough shaping you will sand it perfect later

Go to the next post

OK keep working with the belt sander until the shape is looking good

Dont forget each stroke is one smooth motion from the top down just like a wood plane,if you stop midway you will get a big round hollow patch.

Once the rough shaping is done take it to a bench lay it flat side down and using some 120 grid glued to a small sanding block finish the shape to perfection .

I find that it is a good idea to use the edge if the bench as a kind of guide ,put the edge of the fin back from the bench edge a bit and when you sand with the block let the block touch the bench edge, this will stop you sanding down too far on the trailing and leading edges.

Note my other hand is usually holding the fin,in these shots im trying to take photos with my left hand while holding the sanding block with the right

(This is incrediably difficult as the button is on the far right side of the camera)

Dont forget while you were rough sanding the fin on the belt to reduce it thickness as you get out to the tip

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OK one set of shaped fins ready for glassing,so far minus the laying up of the sheet this should have taken you about 1 hour.

Now for baging the fins preparation is the key

Make sure that the vac pump is going and prepare a bag just big enough to fit the three fins in.

Now lay out two sheets of plastic about the same size as the bag,cut four pieces of 4 oz glass and two pieces of peel ply (polyester dress lining material) just a bit smaller than the bag

Lay the a peel ply on each plastic sheet then two of the pieces of glass

now mix some epoxy resin and pour it on to the glass spread it all over.

Lay the three fins on to one sheet then place the other sheet over the top

Peel the plastic off and replace it with either a piect of paper towel of chux dish cloth

Turn the whole thing over , peel the plastic of the other side and again replace with towel or chux

Ok now shove the whole thing in the vac bag and suck it down

Go to the next post (if you want to ask any questions please wait until ive finished there are just a few more to go thanks )

Right now its in the bag so to speak, im in a hurry so ive put it in a cupboard and aimed the heater at it

One hour later it done Ive pulled it out of the bag and while its still green ive trimed around the fins with the sissors

Once they are trimed you can sand the leading and trailing edges

Be carefull not to sand through the glass at the leading edge

If it needs it you can allways coat a little more resin over then reshape again

On the bases you will find that the bag did not suck the two layers together dont worry there is usually resin inside just sand them flat it will be covered when you gloss coat them

Which is the next step support them tab up and coat them with resin when its dry cut it back with 320 grit then 400 and 600 grit if you want them shinny just buff them with some cutting paste

Hay preso new fins that are so light you will not belive ,these fins are very strong though if you are prone to hitting rocks etc i would not recomend them

You will however notice a difference in your board performance with the weight loss compared to normal fins

So in short order you have new fins I guess we had better make some thing to mount them in

Go to the next post for the quick and simple plugs and sockets

Ok here it is you will need some good ply 19mm thick and 10 to 12 veneers dont use three ply or five ply !!

The amount you need is about 300mm x 100mm go to the local boatbuilder nearby and ask if you can grovel a bit from his rubbish bin (we throw out bits ten times that size every day)

On your ply draw a straight line with pensil get a hole saw with a inside cut width of around 45mm

Cut three shallow cuts

Once done mark in ten mil from each side of the cut this is where the fin slots start and finish

Next you route out the finslots I use a makita trim router which has a adjustable angle base this i set up to the cant angle i want

Nail a small piece of timber to the ply as a guide for the router edge to run along

Now you can take one of two paths next quick and simple or a bit longer and better

You can just route out the slot with a 6mm bit and your done simple but it wont last as long

the better way is to route out slighty over width resin fill then reroute out to the 6mm

You do need to resin fill the screw holes any way

these holes need to be about 9mm long and wide enough to fit a 4mm screw with a countersunk head

So drill these out first over size include the counter sunk bit ,the aim is that after they have been filled and then redrilled the screw will only be touching hard resin not the wood

You will have noticed that while i was back filling with resin i also cover the top with a layer of glass

The next step is to route out the fin slots with the 6mm bit dont forget to set the angle up right,bout of the side ones can be done the same way later you just turn it 180 degress dont forget to do the back one at 90 degress

All so drill out the mounting holes and counter sink,see the way they are laid out in the pic so one can turn 180 degress to make a handed pair

The back one has no allowance for adjustment

Make a paper template of the placment of the holes so you can reproduce it when you make plugs with different cant angles

Now cut around the outer cut ring with a jig saw

cut one silghty bigger2-3mm then set up the table on the face sander to three degrees sit the cut plugs base down and sand them inti the inner edge of the cut line

Sand the one you cut slighty bigger so that it is about 2 to 3 mm bigger but still with the three degree edge ,we will sand this one down again later

You now have plugs lets make something to put them in

Take a piece of solid wood and route out a hole about 48mm wide and 20mm deep do this three times

Get some builders bog that stuff that goes off real quick,smear it round the

egde of the hole,get the plug that is over sized and place it on some gladwrap twist it tight on the top and push it in the hole ,put a clamp on to hold it down

This will form the inside of you socket mould

When its dry pull it out and do the same with the other holes

You can now sand that one down the same as the others

If you now drop one of the plugs in the hole there should be a 2 to 3mm gap all round

Get some 4 oz glass three layers put it over the hole and push the plug in ,it should be a snug fit trim the glass then cut some for the other plugs

Stick some glad wrap over the hole then prewet out the glass put it over the gladwrap then cover the plug with gladwrap just like before

Now push it in the hole and clamp it down

Once its in the hole open up the glad wrap and push it out that will stop the resin going down the holes and amke it easier to get the plug out after its dry

Remember that step because it the same when you put the socket in the board

Right when its dry pull it out and trim it up ,make sure that the plugs fit the sockets sand them on the face sander gently to make them fit

Now we need to set in the grub screw holes to hold the fins in the plugs

I have found that casting these in works better than tapping them

The whitish stuff in the photo is plasticine which i use to stop all the resin from running down the holes where i dont want it to go

The trick I have found when casting is to first make sure that the bolts used are well coated with some sort of non stick (steal one of those cooking sprays from the kitchen)

Then mix up a small amount of resin in a plastic container sneak into the kitchen again and microwave the resin for about 8 seconds then run like hell back to the plugs before it goes off pour it in the hole and set the bolt in ,the plasticne in the fin slot holds it well

Why microwave the resin?when heated up it goes very runney which is perfect for getting into the fine thread on the bolt

Well now thats all done you had better return the gladwrap and spray or you wont get any dinner!

To attach the plugs to the sockets ive used two different methods one is to cut a small strip of alloy and glue it to the underside then drill and tap it

This works ok but you have to make sure that you allways put some isolating compound in the hole so the ss screw does not react with the alloy

The other way is to fully install the socket in the board then drill a over sized hole and cast the bolts again ,ive had no problem with this .

To set the sockets into the board measure place as you usually do cut out the hole with a router make sure that you under cut the foam around the

hole so you expose the under side of the glass about 2mm then dig down to the deck skin on the rail side and the inboard side a small hole about 5mm diameter

Smear round the hole with a resin glue fiber mix and push the socket in with the plug wrapt in gladwrap ,push it down till its flush fold the gladwrap out so the glue doesnt get on the plug and weaight it hold it what ever untill its dry

Now if you used the alloy tapping plate dont forget to line the fin up so the best position gives you adjustment each side

This can be done later if you are casting the bolts

So at last you now have a fin system that lets you fine tune your board

and the best bit is you did it all your self

go to the next post for one final pic

Well thats it I think ive now got RSI and may never be able to make another fin

Any questions or coments good or bad welcomed

Enjoy Mike

great stuff, thanks for the putting the time in. thanks to bert too for his one. i can see all the regulars not posting as much lately as they are all out in the garage making stuff and trying new tricks. has anyone tried expanding foam inside moulds for fins?

I agree, that’s great stuff, thanks very much for the effort in documenting all those steps!

Keith

Totally FM (*uching Miraculous)…

By broker has been instructed to immediately dispose all by FCS stock by this afternoon. They will DIE.

Hi Keith

No problem,I enjoy passing on ideas when they are so simple to achieve and work so well

I find that now ive made a few,that if I have a new fin shape I want to try out I can build it in less than 2 hours after work.

And with the fin boxs you have the full range of ajustment to give the fin a fair trial.

Mike

How does the stiffness of the fins, wood with 2 layers of four ounce, compare to a fiberglass fin of the same thickness?

Hi Blakestah

Very similar to all glass,ive tried doing the same with a high density foams h70 to h100 but they had soft flex about them.

You can play with the fibre directions to change the stifness also the dryer you can get the bagged layup the stiffer the end result.

You can fill coat later with out affecting stiffness, but if the resin content is high on the layup they become quite flexi.

You will be stunned how light they come out.

You may need to add a glass layer on the single fins as they are quite a bit longer than thruster side fins

If you do I would suggest just a layer of unidirectionals under the standard glass might do the trick.

Mike

Sabs, I was watching this thread unfoid over the weekend, its great stuff and I am constantly blown away by the level of dedication and willingness to share found on Swaylocks, this thread being a classic example.

I have a few questions, but first I should finish the board that I’m going to use your fin system on.

I’ve just set up a home made vac system and test run it on a single fin. Not bad results but I didnt pay enough attention to the bag sealing, however its a good start. As an aside, how do you cool your fridge pump?

cheers

gray

Hi Gray

Its good to hear that some one else is going to try these simple fins

Ive just had a magic session on the latest balsa sandwich board I built

using these fins and boxs

The fin profile was a lot like the new FCS H2 only with a different foil section I must say they looked like they would be a bit trackie,but are totally nothing like that at all

In fact they were very positive and powerful in all turns and off the bottom but nicely loose at the same time.

I might have to knock up some more with different foils

Sorry the question how do I cool the fridge pump,quick answer I dont

If you feel the one on your fridge or freezer when they are running they too get quite hot

If you have sealed the bag and blocked all the leaks,the pump will stop making the gurgling sound and run quite a lot cooler.

Just make sure that any oil displaced is replaced and you should not have any problems.(I run the outlet right up to the ceiling and put a coke bottle on it to catch any oil)

Some people will say that a fridge cycles there by letting the pump cool down, yes thats true ,but if you have kids in the house how often do you get up in the morning and find the fridge or freezer door just open a little bit .

In that case your fridge will have run all night long, they seem to be able to take a lot of punishment.

One last thing the fin plugs I forgot to add, that the sides and bottom are best coated with an two pack wood sealer.I use Everdure, there are quite a few on the market that will do the job.

These will soak into the wood grain far better than epoxy resin,and also not add any thickness so you won’t have to sand them again to get them to fit the sockets.

Mike

mike have you looked at the new fcs h2s, they are made by blowing foam into a mold im sure?

Thanks mate, this is one of those must save threads. We all appreciate your detailed instructions

Chris

We made and used moulded hollow glass-ons in the early nineties with no problems. We thought about foam injection but it would have been all hassle no gain.

Hi Dave

The only thing I have seen of the H2s here is in the drive film and the mag add

I gather from the film that they have some convex and concave camber on the inside surface

If they are blowing them do you know what they are doing with the tab spars?

Mike

hey sabs … nice work again …

that was magic how you foiled on a belt sander…

just out of curiosity , how heavy were your set of 3 fins ???

they look hell light , id be estimating between 45 and 60 grams each ???

dave … i read this yesterday … i said to myself i was gonna take some photos of some foam filled fins today but i forgot …

foam injection is pretty straight forward …

if the foam is to light you run into problems with fins folding …

but yea you can get em pretty light …

back to positive bouyancy …

regards

BERT